Ezad Blog: web security

How to remove Superfish and its certificate from your Lenovo® PC

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What is Superfish?</h2>
Superfish is a piece of software that <a href="http://news.lenovo.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=1929">Lenovo has admitted to pre-installing</a> on many of its laptops to "enhance the shopping experience" of its users. However, the <a href="https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA15-051A">U.S. Computer Emergency Readiness Team</a> calls Superfish a "man-in-the-middle attack" because of how it "intercepts users' web traffic to provide targeted advertisements."</div>
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Why is Superfish so dangerous?</h2>
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Superfish snoops in on your web browsing and secretly slips ads into webpages. But the really dangerous part is that it's pre-installed with root certificate authority, which allows it to impersonate any server's security certificate.<br /><br />If this certificate is compromised by hackers, you could be tricked into logging in to a fake website and giving hackers your password. Because of Superfish, any of your accounts including encrypted bank accounts could be easily compromised.<br />
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Which computers are affected?</h2>
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<span class="h2-subheading">According to Lenovo, Superfish may have been pre-installed<br /> on the following models:</span><br />
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    <td><strong>E Series: </strong></td>
    <td>E10-30</td>
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    <td><strong>G Series:</strong></td>
    <td>G410, G510, G710, G40-70, G50-70, G40-30, G50-30, G40-45, G50-45, G40-80</td>
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    <td><strong>S Series:</strong></td>
    <td>S310, S410, S40-70, S415, S415Touch, S435, S20-30, S20-30Touch</td>
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    <td><strong>U Series:</strong></td>
    <td>U330P, U430P, U330Touch, U430Touch, U530Touch</td>
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    <td><strong>Y Series:</strong></td>
    <td>Y430P, Y40-70, Y50-70, Y40-80, Y70-70</td>
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    <td><strong>Z Series:</strong></td>
    <td>Z40-75, Z50-75, Z40-70, Z50-70, Z70-80</td>
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    <td><strong>Edge Series:</strong></td>
    <td>Edge 15</td>
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    <td><strong>Flex Series:</strong></td>
    <td>Flex2 14D, Flex2 15D, Flex2 14, Flex2 15, Flex2 Pro, Flex 10</td>
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    <td><strong>MIIX Series:</strong></td>
    <td>MIIX2-8, MIIX2-10, MIIX2-11, MIIX 3 1030</td>
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    <td><strong>YOGA Series:</strong></td>
    <td>YOGA2Pro-13, YOGA2-13, YOGA2-11, YOGA3 Pro</td>
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    <td align="right" colspan="2"><a href="http://news.lenovo.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=1929" target="_blank">Source: Lenovo</a></td>
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Will restoring from a backup help?</h2>
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Superfish has been pre-installed by Lenovo. Therefore, restoring your computer to factory condition from either a backup partition or a backup DVD will not solve the problem if Superfish is also part of your backup. Superfish would only be reinstalled, too.</div>
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So if you ever use a backup to restore your system, you may need to again remove Superfish and its root security certificate from your system.</div>
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Remove Superfish now </h2>
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To remove the Superfish program and its certificate from your computer,</div>
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please use this free tool from Lenovo:</div>
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<a href="http://download.lenovo.com/pccbbs/thinkvantage_en/metroapps/SuperFishRemovalTool/1.0.2.0/Lenovo.SuperFishRemovalTool.exe" target="_blank"><span style="background-color: #666666; color: #eeeeee;">DOWNLOAD Superfish Removal Tool </span></a> <br />
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This tool will also remove any Superfish certificates<br />
from Mozilla Firefox® and Thunderbird®.</div>
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How to remove Superfish and its certificate from your Lenovo® PC

What is Superfish? Superfish is a piece of software that Lenovo has admitted to pre-installing on many of its laptops to "enhan...

Heartbleed bug: What you need to know

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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Heartbleed.svg/411px-Heartbleed.svg.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Heartbleed.svg/411px-Heartbleed.svg.png" width="255" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Heartbleed Bug is a serious vulnerability in the popular OpenSSL cryptographic software library. This weakness allows stealing the information protected, under normal conditions, by the SSL/TLS encryption used to secure it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You are likely affected if you configured and run an SSL-enabled website, meaning that you can access it using the https:// prefix instead of http://. You will need to patch the libraries in your system and replace the certificates and keys that may have been compromised. Please notice that remote access using ssh is NOT affected.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">OpenSSL versions from 1.0.1 through 1.0.1f (inclusive) are vulnerable and make it possible to steal information, including everything from the encrypted content and to the secret key used for the encryption. The attack is also indetectable.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This security issue has been described in detail on the following page:</span><br />
<a href="http://heartbleed.com/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">http://heartbleed.com/</span></a><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
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<h2>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">How about operating systems?</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Some operating system distributions that have shipped with potentially vulnerable OpenSSL version:</span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Debian Wheezy (stable), OpenSSL 1.0.1e-2+deb7u4</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS, OpenSSL 1.0.1-4ubuntu5.11</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">CentOS 6.5, OpenSSL 1.0.1e-15</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fedora 18, OpenSSL 1.0.1e-4</span></li>
</ul>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">OpenBSD 5.3 (OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012) and 5.4 (OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012)</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FreeBSD 10.0 - OpenSSL 1.0.1e 11 Feb 2013</span></li>
</ul>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">NetBSD 5.0.2 (OpenSSL 1.0.1e)</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">OpenSUSE 12.2 (OpenSSL 1.0.1c)</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Operating system distribution with versions that are not vulnerable:</span><br />
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Debian Squeeze (oldstable), OpenSSL 0.9.8o-4squeeze14</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FreeBSD 8.4 - OpenSSL 0.9.8y 5 Feb 2013</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FreeBSD 9.2 - OpenSSL 0.9.8y 5 Feb 2013</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FreeBSD 10.0p1 - OpenSSL 1.0.1g (At 8 Apr 18:27:46 2014 UTC)</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; line-height: 28.571430206298828px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FreeBSD Ports - OpenSSL 1.0.1g (At 7 Apr 21:46:40 2014 UTC)</span></li>
</ul>
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<h2>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">
Detect if your machine is vulnerable.</span></h2>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Heartbleed_bug_explained.svg/554px-Heartbleed_bug_explained.svg.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="180" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Heartbleed_bug_explained.svg/554px-Heartbleed_bug_explained.svg.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">If you are running a web server with SSL enabled, you can test whether it is vulnerable with this tool:</span></div>
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<a href="https://filippo.io/Heartbleed/#ezadblog.my" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">http://filippo.io/Heartbleed/</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Alternatively, to detect if your machine is vulnerable to this bug, please log into your servers and check the OpenSSL version by executing the  below command:</span></div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">openssl version -a</span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">If the version in the output is greater or <span style="color: red;"><strong>equal to "1.0.1" and lower or equal to "1.0.1f "</strong></span>, you may be affected. An example of an affected version would be:</span></div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">$> openssl version -a
OpenSSL <span style="color: red;"><strong>1.0.1</strong></span> 14 Mar 2012
built on: Wed Jan  8 20:45:51 UTC 2014
platform: debian-amd64
</span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Please note the version mentioned: "1.0.1", which is in the range of affected versions. Another detail to check is the "built on" information:</span></div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">$> openssl version -a
...
built on: <span style="color: red;"><strong>Wed Jan  8 20:45:51 UTC 2014</strong></span>
...</span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Some Linux distributions have provided security patches that fix the vulnerability without upgrading OpenSSL. The "built on:" date should be <span style="color: green;"><strong>newer or equal to April 2014</strong> </span>to consider it updated. An example of patched OpenSSL version would be:</span></div>
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<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">/usr/bin/openssl version -a
OpenSSL <strong>1.0.1</strong> 14 Mar 2012
built on: <span style="color: green;"><strong>Mon Apr  7 20:33:29 UTC 2014</strong></span>
platform: debian-amd64
</span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Where the OpenSSL is in the vulnerable range but it was patched on April 2014:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Another non-vulnerable version (this one, easier to identify) will look like:</span></div>
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<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">openssl version -a
OpenSSL <strong><span style="color: green;">1.0.1g</span></strong> 7 Apr 2014
built on: Tue Apr  8 09:07:07 CEST 2014
platform: linux-x86_64
</span></pre>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Where the version is greater than "1.0.1f", so it is safe. It also shows it was updated in April 2014. This is the output you will get if you use our patch installer to update your SSL version</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h2>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Update the system OpenSSL version</span></span></h2>
<div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<div id="section_7" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The procedure to update the system OpenSSL package will depend on you Linux distribution:</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> apt-based systems: Ubuntu, Debian...</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y libssl1.0.0 openssl</span></pre>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">And then check that the version was updated (or patched, with a recent "built on" date):</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">/usr/bin/openssl version -a
OpenSSL 1.0.1 14 Mar 2012
built on: <span style="color: green;"><strong>Mon Apr  7 20:33:29 UTC 2014</strong></span>
...</span></pre>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You will also need to restart any service using libssl. To check the list of those services, you could use the below command:</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">sudo lsof -n | grep ssl | grep DEL
vsftpd     479   root  DEL  REG     202,1         394910 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0
monit     1254   root  DEL  REG     202,1         394910 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0</span></pre>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">And then restart the services (depending on your specific system):</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">sudo /etc/init.d/monit restart
sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart</span></pre>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<div style="margin-top: 0.75em; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">yum-base systems: RedHat, CentOS, Fedora...</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">sudo yum -y update openssl</span></pre>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">And then check that the version was updated (or patched, with a recent "built on" date):</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">/usr/bin/openssl version -a
OpenSSL 1.0.1 14 Mar 2012
built on: <span style="color: green;"><strong>Mon Apr  7 20:33:29 UTC 2014</strong></span>
...</span></pre>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You will also need to restart any service using libssl. To check the list of those services, you could use the below command:</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">sudo lsof -n | grep ssl | grep DEL
vsftpd     479   root  DEL  REG     202,1         394910 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0
monit     1254   root  DEL  REG     202,1         394910 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0</span></pre>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">And then restart the services (depending on your specific system):</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
<pre style="background-color: #fefefe; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 4px; color: #777777; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.75em; overflow: auto; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">sudo /etc/init.d/monit restart
sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
</span></pre>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h2>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Next Steps</span></span></h2>
<div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-top: 0.75em; padding: 0px;">
<strong><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">First, after apllying the patches above, double-check whether your web site is ok now using this tool:</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin-top: 0.75em; padding: 0px;">
<a href="https://filippo.io/Heartbleed/#ezadblog.my" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">http://filippo.io/Heartbleed</span></a></div>
<div style="margin-top: 0.75em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The vulnerability allows an attacker to steal you private keys, which would allow it to decrypt any information, as well as impersonating your server so it is advised to revoke the compromised keys and reissuing and redistributing new ones.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-top: 0.75em; padding: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-top: 0.75em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This is only necessary if you already configured HTTPS with your own certificate. In this case regenerate new certificates and configure them again in your server.</span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

Heartbleed bug: What you need to know

The Heartbleed Bug is a serious vulnerability in the popular OpenSSL cryptographic software library. This weakness allows stealing the inf...

3 way to crack facebook password

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUTR5xjY2svMYt725mGzTS7eNXmoW6smuyxnCYK8P6OzZbWe5ceBR2cjgAFvnTNdwoRU1v1wcaGX-dCtsKQJ8-5YJ0A80S_bQWN6JcotagDwKJUVR0wqT39e_LxDlWFfKRs0Ge8Z7RGNc/s1600/facebook1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUTR5xjY2svMYt725mGzTS7eNXmoW6smuyxnCYK8P6OzZbWe5ceBR2cjgAFvnTNdwoRU1v1wcaGX-dCtsKQJ8-5YJ0A80S_bQWN6JcotagDwKJUVR0wqT39e_LxDlWFfKRs0Ge8Z7RGNc/s1600/facebook1.jpg" width="320"></a></div>
<br>
<br>
<h2>
Method 1: Reset the Password</h2>
The easiest way to “hack” into someone’s Facebook is through 
resetting the password. This could be easier done by people who are 
friends with the person they’re trying to hack.<br>
<ul>
<li>The first step would be to get your friend’s Facebook email login. 
If you don’t already know it, try looking on their Facebook page in the 
Contact Info section.</li>
<li>Next, click on <strong>Forgotten your password?</strong> and type in the victim’s email. Their account should come up. Click <strong>This is my account</strong>.</li>
<li>It will ask if you would like to reset the password via the victim’s emails. This doesn’t help, so press <strong>No longer have access to these?</strong></li>
<li>It will now ask <strong>How can we reach you?</strong> Type in an email that you have that also isn’t linked to any other Facebook account.</li>
<li>It will now ask you a question. If you’re close friends with the 
victim, that’s great. If you don’t know too much about them, make an 
educated guess. If you figure it out, you can change the password. Now 
you have to wait 24 hours to login to their account.</li>
<li>If you don’t figure out the question, you can click on <strong>Recover your account with help from friends</strong>. This allows you to choose between three and five friends.</li></ul>

3 way to crack facebook password

Method 1: Reset the Password The easiest way to “hack” into someone’s Facebook is through resetting the password. This could be easie...

How to detect operating system using user agent

In computing, a user agent is software (a software agent) that is acting on behalf of a user. For example, an email reader is a mail user agent, and in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), the term user agent refers to both end points of a communications session.<br />
<br />
In many cases, a user agent acts as a client in a network protocol used in communications within a client–server distributed computing system. In particular, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) identifies the client software originating the request, using a "User-Agent" header, even when the client is not operated by a user.<br />
<br />
<h1>
Standard User Agent browser</h1>
Most Web browsers use a User-Agent value as follows: <i>Mozilla/[version] ([system and browser information]) [platform] ([platform details]) [extensions]</i>. For example, Safari on the iPad has used the following:<br />
<br />
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 3_2_1 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/531.21.10 
(KHTML, like Gecko)Mobile/7B405</pre>
The components of this string are as follows:<br />
<ul>
<li><i>Mozilla/5.0</i>: Previously used to indicate compatibility with the Mozilla rendering engine</li>
<li><i>(iPad; U; CPU OS 3_2_1 like Mac OS X; en-us)</i>: Details of the system in which the browser is running</li>
<li><i>AppleWebKit/531.21.10</i>: The platform the browser uses</li>
<li><i>(KHTML, like Gecko)</i>: Browser platform details</li>
<li><i>Mobile/7B405</i>: This is used by the browser to indicate 
specific enhancements that are available directly in the browser or 
through third parties. An example of this is Microsoft Live Meeting 
which registers an extension so that the Live Meeting service knows if 
the software is already installed, which means it can provide a 
streamlined experience to joining meetings.</li>
</ul>
Notable exceptions include Opera, which is a web browser, but does not include Mozilla in its User-Agent string.<br />
<br />
<h1>
Window User Agent</h1>
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:5.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/5.0</pre>
<ul>
<li><i>Windows NT 5.1; </i>: Window XP operating system as platform</li>
<li><i>Firefox/5.0</i>: Mozilla Firefox version 5.0 as a browser</li>
</ul>
<br />
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/535.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/15.0.874.120 
Safari/535.2</pre>
<ul>
<li><i>Windows NT 6.0</i>: Window Vista operating system as platform</li>
<li><i>Chrome/15.0.874.120</i>: Google chrome version 15.0.874.120 as a browser</li>
</ul>
<br />
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0)</pre>
<ul>
<li><i>Windows NT 6.1</i>: Window 7 operating system as platform</li>
<li><i>MSIE 10.0</i>: Internet explorer version 10 as a browser</li>
<li><i>WOW64;</i>: A 32-bit window application is running on a 64-bit processor</li>
</ul>
<br />
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.2; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.20.25 (KHTML, like Gecko)
Version/5.0.4 Safari/533.20.27</pre>
<ul>
<li><i>Windows NT 6.2</i>: Window 8 operating system as platform</li>
<li><i>Version/5.0.4 Safari/533.20.27</i>: Safari version 5.0.4 as a browser</li>
<li><i>U;</i>: Security value (N for no security, U for strong security, I for weak security)</li>
</ul>

How to detect operating system using user agent

In computing, a user agent is software (a software agent) that is acting on behalf of a user. For example, an email reader is a mail user ag...

How your Browser Speeds up Cross Domain Loading using DNS Prefetching

<strong>How it Works</strong><br>
What DNS prefetching does is attempt to resolve domain names before 
we, the  users, try to follow a link. This is accomplished using the 
computer's built-in  DNS resolution mechanism. Once a domain name has 
been resolved, if we do  navigate to that domain, there will be no 
effective delay due to DNS resolution  time. While downloading speed 
remains the same, looking up the IP address before  hand will save you 
an easily perceptible second or two when going from page to  page. A 
good example where DNS prefetching can really help is when a user is  
looking at a page with many links to various domains, such as a search 
results  page. When the browser encounters an a hyperlink that does not 
share the same  domain name as the current location, it first checks its
 cache and then, lacking  a cached copy, resolves the domain to the 
associated IP address through a  request from a DNS server. These 
requests happen in the background so as to not  block the rendering of 
the page. Moreover, since all this takes place in  parallel with the 
user's reading of the page, it places only a negligible load  on CPU and
 network resources. How much navigation time will a user save can  range
 from an average savings of about 200 milliseconds for non-cached 
content,  to one to two seconds for the worst DNS resolution delays.<br>
By default, prefetching of embedded link hostnames is not performed 
on  documents loaded over HTTPS. You can change this by setting the  
network.dns.disablePrefetchFromHTTPS browser preference to false.<br>
<br>

How your Browser Speeds up Cross Domain Loading using DNS Prefetching

How it Works What DNS prefetching does is attempt to resolve domain names before we, the users, try to follow a link. This is accomplishe...

Wireless Threats: Is Your Broadband Secure Enough?

<div class="MsoNormal">
Internet use in Malaysia is at an all-time high and is still
growing, and broadband adoption is rapidly spreading along with mobile
connectivity. In this environment of increasing digital interconnection,
security threats are likewise growing in number.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As an active broadband user, you at least need to know the
threats and the preventive measures available to pre-empt them.<o:p></o:p></div>
<h2>
Increased Risk, Improved Security<o:p></o:p></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Findings from industry leaders and research institutions
like Alcatel-Lucent are showing signs of an increased number of security
threats to broadband networks, both fixed and mobile. Data points out that the
wireless threat trend is growing with telling statistics, including:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>10% of home networks have been infected by Malware in the second
quarter of 2013<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>6% of home networks were shown to exhibit high-level security
threats, including rootkits and Trojan banking viruses<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">    
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>0.5% of mobile were invaded
by Malware in the second quarter of 2013<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Compared to data from the previous quarter, the numbers
indicate a rise in threats to broadband networks. The research was conducted in
Europe, but the same analysis would apply especially for a boisterous and
dynamic market full of technologically-agile users like Asia.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
These security threats are being used by hackers to perform
illicit activities ranging from the simply annoying, like spamming, to the
devastatingly dangerous, like personal identification theft and espionage.<o:p></o:p></div>
<h2>
Broadband Gateways<o:p></o:p></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Broadband networks are 500% more prone to security threats
compared to other forms of internet connectivity, including dial-up. Hackers
typically perform three general activities when breaking into wireless
networks:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>Use them as stepping stones to perform more attacks<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>Use them to store illegal copies of software or digital goods<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">    
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>Launch waves of unsolicited
activities (spamming, illegal information collection, et al)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Malware, viruses, and hackers share the same “gateways” to
attack your broadband connection or network. Some of the most common entryways
include:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b>Phishing</b> – Ever
received a suspicious email claiming to be from your bank, asking for personal
information? Phishing is nearly as old as email itself, but modern variations
can be very complex, making it difficult for the layman to see it for what it
is. Some phishing setups even buy official-sounding domain names and setup
email addresses from them and then contact people.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b>Cookies</b> – Cookies are
your browser’s way to track your internet surfing activities to make sure it
keeps your preferences for websites you visit regularly. Unfortunately, because
cookies can store information like passwords and other similarly telling data
on your activities and behaviour online, they are also usually targeted by
hackers.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b>Spyware, adware, malware</b>
– All of these virus-ware are designed with devious endeavors: spyware spies on
your computer activities, adware collects information on your behaviour online
so it can spam you with ads, and malware is generally any piece of code intent
on causing harm to your computer in any way. All of these can be gateways into
your broadband network.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">    
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b>Ports</b> – Your computer interfaces with other devices connected to it
via “ports,” and a single computer can have thousands of ports. A good number
of them connect to your network, and each one is a vulnerability that can
potentially be taken advantage of.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
These are just a handful of examples, and hackers are
usefully ready to exploit them all and more to get what they want.<o:p></o:p></div>
<h2>
Implementing Measures for Tighter Wireless Security<o:p></o:p></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It’s not all hopeless, gloom, and doom for your broadband
network. Your firewall, your anti-virus, and the individual efforts implemented
by your trusted websites and service providers all counter and pre-empt any
malicious attempts to compromise your network or your computer.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
For your part, the first step is to arm yourself with
knowledge on how these wireless threats affect you, and how they work, so you
can prepare properly. If you know how a phishing scam works you’re less likely
to be victimized, right?<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Beyond that, however, there are always best practices you
can adhere to so you can ensure that you are part of the fight against these
wireless broadband threats:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>Faithfully install and upgrade software, apps, games, and
anything installed in your device. These patches and updates are typically
offered free by providers, as they are also constantly fighting against
broadband threats.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>Always use a firewall. Your firewall is your sifter that screens
potentially dangerous information and stops it from ever going into your
computer or network. You have a network firewall and a computer firewall, at
the very least. You can control its settings to allow trusted data to always
pass through, which still provides sufficient flexibility for good security.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">     </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>Deploy an anti-virus. Anti-virus providers always try to keep
abreast of developments in the industry, and are always updating their
databases so your software always knows about the latest viruses or other threats
to your security.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -17.95pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">●<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">    
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>Use an Intrusion Detection
System (IDS). An IDS does exactly what it sounds like: it provides warnings
about potential attacks or illicit entries into your system. It can also
monitor critical areas of your computer or network.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Ask your service providers for more information and more
options to prepare yourself against wireless threats to broadband security.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/b2a4f04659d5bb4b310e233323ed8190.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Ian G. Elbanbuena" border="0" src="http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/b2a4f04659d5bb4b310e233323ed8190.png" title="Ian G. Elbanbuena" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/110532977385282494579/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #1155cc;">Ian G. Elbanbuena</span></a> is a blogger and infopreneur
who writes on various topics mainly finance, web security, network connections,
broadband plans and other technical topics . At present he works as marketing
staff at <a href="http://comparehero.my/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #1155cc;">comparehero.my</span></a>,
Malaysia's leading comparison website. This portal helps individuals in making
the best decision by comparing rates from different  finance providers.</span></div>

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<br>
<br>
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